Books like What does it all mean? by Thomas Nagel

Philosophy -- A Text with Readings for the Juvenile Audience

xiii, 213 pages ; 22 cm

A comprehensive single-volume introduction to the history of Eastern and Western philosophy, covering ancient thought through postmodernism.

Lucidly written, this extensive and very original introduction to philosophy features over fifty brief, jargon-free essays arranged in pairs. Each pair answers one of the principal philosophical questions, such as "Does God exist?" or "Are we free?", with two opposing points of view. On the topic of relativism, for example, one essay argues that morality is created by society and relative to it, while the other claims that moral standards are absolute and universal. Each essay takes a definite stand and promotes it vigorously, creating a sharp contrast between the two positions. While the essays often employ standard arguments of great philosophers, they present the ideas in contemporary language with vivid examples. The accessible style and conflicting answers engage students and promote class discussion. While other anthologies present a series of excerpts and theories without attempting to coordinate them into a larger picture, Philosophical Dilemmas encourages students to think for themselves and to begin constructing their own worldview. It also incorporates numerous pedagogical features, including an introduction to each issue, key terms, critical questions following each essay, discussions of thinking skills relevant to the answers, and a glossary. An annotated bibliography of historical examples for each issue and useful contemporary sources further enhance the utility of the text.

David J. Chalmers explores the mystery of consciousness, arguing that a reductive, purely materialist account is insufficient and outlining a possible fundamental theory linking physical processes and subjective experience.