James McNeill Whistler (July 10, 1834 – July 17, 1903) was an American artist born in Lowell, Massachusetts. Renowned primarily as a painter and printmaker, Whistler was a leading figure in the late 19th-century art world, known for his sophisticated approach to color and composition. His work often bridged the worlds of Aestheticism and Impressionism, influencing the development of modern art.