Manès Sperber (born December 26, 1905, in Vienna, Austria; died July 24, 1984) was a renowned Austrian-French writer and intellectual. Known for his profound insights into human nature and social issues, Sperber's work spans essays, novels, and literary criticism. His contributions to literature are marked by a deep sense of empathy and an ability to explore complex psychological and philosophical themes, making him a significant figure in 20th-century European thought.