Sir Henry Thompson (1820–1904) was a renowned British surgeon and urologist, born in London, England. He made significant contributions to the field of medicine, particularly in urology and surgery, and was widely recognized for his expertise in treating urinary tract conditions. Throughout his career, Thompson was also a pioneer in medical education and held prominent positions within the medical community, including being a pioneering member of the Royal Society. His work greatly influenced the development of surgical practices in his era.